Funcionalidade específica do Chrome
Estas capacidades e características são específicas ao navegador Google Chrome.
Por omissão, Selenium 4 é compatível com Chrome v75 e superiores. Note que a versão (maior) do navegador e do chromedriver devem ser idênticas.
Opções
Capacidades comuns a todos os navegadores estão descritas na página Opções.
Capacidades únicas ao Chrome podem ser encontradas na página da Google para Capacidades e & ChromeOptions
Este é um exemplo de como iniciar uma sessão Chrome com um conjunto de opções básicas:
}
/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
public class ChromeTest {
public ChromeDriver driver;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void headlessOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--headless=new");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void keepBrowserOpen() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("detach", true);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
}
driver.quit()
/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
def test_basic_options():
options = ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_headless():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def exclude_switches():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Browsers/ChromeTest.cs
using System;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers {
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest : BaseTest {
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions() {
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void HeadlessOptions() {
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--headless=new");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallAddon()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
}
} @driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
let(:driver) { start_session }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(args: ['--headless=new'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Keep browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(detach: true)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Exclude switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();/examples/javascript/test/browser/chromeSpecificCaps.spec.js
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const {suite} = require('selenium-webdriver/testing');
const {Browser} = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
suite(function (env) {
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
});
}, { browsers: [Browser.CHROME]});Alguns exemplos de uso com capacidades diferentes:
Argumentos
The args parameter is for a list of command line switches to be used when starting the browser.
There are two excellent resources for investigating these arguments:
Commonly used args include --start-maximized, --headless=new and --user-data-dir=...
Add an argument to options:
/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
public class ChromeTest {
public ChromeDriver driver;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void headlessOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--headless=new");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void keepBrowserOpen() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("detach", true);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
}
driver.quit()/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
def test_basic_options():
options = ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_headless():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def exclude_switches():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()}/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Browsers/ChromeTest.cs
using System;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers {
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest : BaseTest {
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions() {
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void HeadlessOptions() {
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--headless=new");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallAddon()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
}
} @driver.get('https://www.google.com')/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
let(:driver) { start_session }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(args: ['--headless=new'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Keep browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(detach: true)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Exclude switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();/examples/javascript/test/browser/chromeSpecificCaps.spec.js
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const {suite} = require('selenium-webdriver/testing');
const {Browser} = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
suite(function (env) {
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
});
}, { browsers: [Browser.CHROME]});Iniciar navegador numa localização específica
Adicionar uma localização:
/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
public class ChromeTest {
public ChromeDriver driver;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void headlessOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--headless=new");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void keepBrowserOpen() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("detach", true);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
}
def exclude_switches():/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
def test_basic_options():
options = ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_headless():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def exclude_switches():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Browsers/ChromeTest.cs
using System;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers {
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest : BaseTest {
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions() {
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void HeadlessOptions() {
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--headless=new");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallAddon()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
}
} end/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
let(:driver) { start_session }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(args: ['--headless=new'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Keep browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(detach: true)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Exclude switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();/examples/javascript/test/browser/chromeSpecificCaps.spec.js
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const {suite} = require('selenium-webdriver/testing');
const {Browser} = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
suite(function (env) {
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
});
}, { browsers: [Browser.CHROME]});Adicionar extensões
O parametro extensions aceita ficheiros crx
The extensions parameter accepts crx files. As for unpacked directories,
please use the load-extension argument instead, as mentioned in
this post.
Adicionar uma extensão:
/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
public class ChromeTest {
public ChromeDriver driver;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void headlessOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--headless=new");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void keepBrowserOpen() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("detach", true);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
}
/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
def test_basic_options():
options = ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_headless():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def exclude_switches():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()/examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Browsers/ChromeTest.cs
using System;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers {
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest : BaseTest {
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions() {
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void HeadlessOptions() {
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--headless=new");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallAddon()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
}
}/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
let(:driver) { start_session }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(args: ['--headless=new'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Keep browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(detach: true)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Exclude switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
/examples/javascript/test/browser/chromeSpecificCaps.spec.js
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const {suite} = require('selenium-webdriver/testing');
const {Browser} = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
suite(function (env) {
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
});
}, { browsers: [Browser.CHROME]});Manter o navegador aberto
Ao definir o parametro detach para true, irá manter o navegador aberto mesmo depois do driver fechar.
Adicionar detach:
Note: This is already the default behavior in Java.
/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
def test_basic_options():
options = ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_headless():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def exclude_switches():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()Note: This is already the default behavior in .NET.
/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
let(:driver) { start_session }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(args: ['--headless=new'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Keep browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(detach: true)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Exclude switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();/examples/javascript/test/browser/chromeSpecificCaps.spec.js
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const {suite} = require('selenium-webdriver/testing');
const {Browser} = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
suite(function (env) {
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
});
}, { browsers: [Browser.CHROME]});Excluindo parametros
Chrome adiciona vários parametros, se não os pretende adicionar, passe-os em excludeSwitches.
Um exemplo comum é voltar a activar o bloqueador de popups. A full list of default arguments can be parsed from the Chromium Source Code
Exclua parametros:
/examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
public class ChromeTest {
public ChromeDriver driver;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void headlessOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--headless=new");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void keepBrowserOpen() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("detach", true);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
}
/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
def test_basic_options():
options = ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_headless():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def exclude_switches():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit() driver = new ChromeDriver(service);examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Browsers/ChromeTest.cs
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers
{
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest
{
private ChromeDriver driver;
private string _logLocation;
[TestCleanup]
public void Cleanup()
{
if (_logLocation != null && File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
File.Delete(_logLocation);
}
driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void Arguments()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallExtension()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
[TestMethod]
public void ExcludeSwitch()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void LogsToFile()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("Starting ChromeDriver")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsToConsole()
{
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var originalOutput = Console.Out;
Console.SetOut(stringWriter);
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
//service.LogToConsole = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
Assert.IsTrue(stringWriter.ToString().Contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
Console.SetOut(originalOutput);
stringWriter.Dispose();
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsLevel()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
// service.LogLevel = ChromiumDriverLogLevel.Debug
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("[DEBUG]:")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void ConfigureDriverLogs()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.EnableAppendLog = true;
// service.readableTimeStamp = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
var regex = new Regex(@"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d");
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => regex.Matches("").Count > 0));
}
[TestMethod]
public void DisableBuildCheck()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains(expected)));
}
private string GetLogLocation()
{
if (_logLocation == null || !File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
_logLocation = Path.GetTempFileName();
}
return _logLocation;
}
}
}/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
let(:driver) { start_session }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(args: ['--headless=new'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Keep browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(detach: true)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Exclude switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();/examples/javascript/test/browser/chromeSpecificCaps.spec.js
const Chrome = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');
const {suite} = require('selenium-webdriver/testing');
const {Browser} = require("selenium-webdriver");
const options = new Chrome.Options();
suite(function (env) {
describe('Should be able to Test Command line arguments', function () {
it('headless', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.addArguments('--headless=new'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('exclude switches', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.excludeSwitches('enable-automation'))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Keep browser open - set detach to true ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.detachDriver(true))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
// As tests runs in ci, quitting the driver instance to avoid any failures
await driver.quit();
});
xit('Start browser from specified location ', async function () {
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(options.setChromeBinaryPath(`Path to chrome binary`))
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
it('Basic Chrome test', async function () {
const Options = new Chrome.Options();
let driver = await env
.builder()
.setChromeOptions(Options)
.build();
await driver.get('https://www.google.com');
await driver.quit();
});
});
}, { browsers: [Browser.CHROME]});Service
Examples for creating a default Service object, and for setting driver location and port can be found on the Driver Service page.
Log output
Getting driver logs can be helpful for debugging issues. The Service class lets you direct where the logs will go. Logging output is ignored unless the user directs it somewhere.
File output
To change the logging output to save to a specific file:
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withAppendLog(true)examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class ChromeTest {
private ChromeDriver driver;
private File logLocation;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
if (logLocation != null && logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation.delete();
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
System.setOut(new PrintStream(getLogLocation()));
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogOutput(System.out)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
String expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getLogLocation() throws IOException {
if (logLocation == null || !logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation = File.createTempFile("chromedriver-", ".log");
}
return logLocation;
}
}
Note: Java also allows setting file output by System Property:
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: String representing path to log file
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
def test_basic_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
@pytest.mark.skip(reason="this is not supported, yet")
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert '[DEBUG]' in f.read()
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match("\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert expected in f.read()
driver.quit()
{examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Browsers/ChromeTest.cs
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers
{
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest
{
private ChromeDriver driver;
private string _logLocation;
[TestCleanup]
public void Cleanup()
{
if (_logLocation != null && File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
File.Delete(_logLocation);
}
driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void Arguments()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallExtension()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
[TestMethod]
public void ExcludeSwitch()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void LogsToFile()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("Starting ChromeDriver")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsToConsole()
{
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var originalOutput = Console.Out;
Console.SetOut(stringWriter);
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
//service.LogToConsole = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
Assert.IsTrue(stringWriter.ToString().Contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
Console.SetOut(originalOutput);
stringWriter.Dispose();
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsLevel()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
// service.LogLevel = ChromiumDriverLogLevel.Debug
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("[DEBUG]:")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void ConfigureDriverLogs()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.EnableAppendLog = true;
// service.readableTimeStamp = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
var regex = new Regex(@"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d");
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => regex.Matches("").Count > 0));
}
[TestMethod]
public void DisableBuildCheck()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains(expected)));
}
private string GetLogLocation()
{
if (_logLocation == null || !File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
_logLocation = Path.GetTempFileName();
}
return _logLocation;
}
}
} expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq trueexamples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--maximize'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'enable-automation'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
end
Console output
To change the logging output to display in the console as STDOUT:
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class ChromeTest {
private ChromeDriver driver;
private File logLocation;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
if (logLocation != null && logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation.delete();
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
System.setOut(new PrintStream(getLogLocation()));
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogOutput(System.out)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
String expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getLogLocation() throws IOException {
if (logLocation == null || !logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation = File.createTempFile("chromedriver-", ".log");
}
return logLocation;
}
}
Note: Java also allows setting console output by System Property;
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY
Property value: DriverService.LOG_STDOUT or DriverService.LOG_STDERR
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
def test_basic_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
@pytest.mark.skip(reason="this is not supported, yet")
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert '[DEBUG]' in f.read()
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match("\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert expected in f.read()
driver.quit()
$stdout and $stderr are both valid values
examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--maximize'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'enable-automation'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
end
Log level
There are 6 available log levels: ALL, DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, SEVERE, and OFF.
Note that --verbose is equivalent to --log-level=ALL and --silent is equivalent to --log-level=OFF,
so this example is just setting the log level generically:
private File getLogLocation() throws IOException {examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class ChromeTest {
private ChromeDriver driver;
private File logLocation;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
if (logLocation != null && logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation.delete();
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
System.setOut(new PrintStream(getLogLocation()));
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogOutput(System.out)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
String expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getLogLocation() throws IOException {
if (logLocation == null || !logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation = File.createTempFile("chromedriver-", ".log");
}
return logLocation;
}
}
Note: Java also allows setting log level by System Property:
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY
Property value: String representation of ChromiumDriverLogLevel enum
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
def test_basic_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
@pytest.mark.skip(reason="this is not supported, yet")
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert '[DEBUG]' in f.read()
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match("\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert expected in f.read()
driver.quit()
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: serviceexamples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--maximize'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'enable-automation'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
end
Log file features
There are 2 features that are only available when logging to a file:
- append log
- readable timestamps
To use them, you need to also explicitly specify the log path and log level. The log output will be managed by the driver, not the process, so minor differences may be seen.
examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class ChromeTest {
private ChromeDriver driver;
private File logLocation;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
if (logLocation != null && logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation.delete();
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
System.setOut(new PrintStream(getLogLocation()));
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogOutput(System.out)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
String expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getLogLocation() throws IOException {
if (logLocation == null || !logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation = File.createTempFile("chromedriver-", ".log");
}
return logLocation;
}
}
Note: Java also allows toggling these features by System Property:
Property keys: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_APPEND_LOG_PROPERTY and ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_READABLE_TIMESTAMP
Property value: "true" or "false"
examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
def test_basic_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
@pytest.mark.skip(reason="this is not supported, yet")
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert '[DEBUG]' in f.read()
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match("\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert expected in f.read()
driver.quit()
examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--maximize'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'enable-automation'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
end
Disabling build check
Chromedriver and Chrome browser versions should match, and if they don’t the driver will error. If you disable the build check, you can force the driver to be used with any version of Chrome. Note that this is an unsupported feature, and bugs will not be investigated.
examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class ChromeTest {
private ChromeDriver driver;
private File logLocation;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
if (logLocation != null && logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation.delete();
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
System.setOut(new PrintStream(getLogLocation()));
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogOutput(System.out)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
String expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getLogLocation() throws IOException {
if (logLocation == null || !logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation = File.createTempFile("chromedriver-", ".log");
}
return logLocation;
}
}
Note: Java also allows disabling build checks by System Property:
Property key: ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_DISABLE_BUILD_CHECK
Property value: "true" or "false"
examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
import re
import subprocess
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
def test_basic_options():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_args():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_exclude_switches():
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['disable-popup-blocking'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_log_to_file(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as fp:
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in fp.readline()
driver.quit()
@pytest.mark.skip(reason="this is not supported, yet")
def test_log_to_stdout(capfd):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(log_output=subprocess.STDOUT)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
out, err = capfd.readouterr()
assert "Starting ChromeDriver" in out
driver.quit()
def test_log_level(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--log-level=DEBUG'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert '[DEBUG]' in f.read()
driver.quit()
def test_log_features(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--append-log', '--readable-timestamp'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert re.match("\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d", f.read())
driver.quit()
def test_build_checks(log_path):
service = webdriver.chrome.service.Service(service_args=['--disable-build-check'], log_path=log_path)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)
expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check"
with open(log_path, 'r') as f:
assert expected in f.read()
driver.quit()
{examples/dotnet/SeleniumDocs/Browsers/ChromeTest.cs
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace SeleniumDocs.Browsers
{
[TestClass]
public class ChromeTest
{
private ChromeDriver driver;
private string _logLocation;
[TestCleanup]
public void Cleanup()
{
if (_logLocation != null && File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
File.Delete(_logLocation);
}
driver.Quit();
}
[TestMethod]
public void BasicOptions()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void Arguments()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddArgument("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void InstallExtension()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
var baseDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
var extensionFilePath = Path.Combine(baseDir, "../../../Extensions/webextensions-selenium-example.crx");
options.AddExtension(extensionFilePath);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.Url = "https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/blank.html";
IWebElement injected = driver.FindElement(By.Id("webextensions-selenium-example"));
Assert.AreEqual("Content injected by webextensions-selenium-example", injected.Text);
}
[TestMethod]
public void ExcludeSwitch()
{
var options = new ChromeOptions();
options.AddExcludedArgument("disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
[TestMethod]
public void LogsToFile()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("Starting ChromeDriver")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsToConsole()
{
var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
var originalOutput = Console.Out;
Console.SetOut(stringWriter);
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
//service.LogToConsole = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
Assert.IsTrue(stringWriter.ToString().Contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
Console.SetOut(originalOutput);
stringWriter.Dispose();
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void LogsLevel()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
// service.LogLevel = ChromiumDriverLogLevel.Debug
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains("[DEBUG]:")));
}
[TestMethod]
[Ignore("Not implemented")]
public void ConfigureDriverLogs()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.EnableAppendLog = true;
// service.readableTimeStamp = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
var regex = new Regex(@"\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d");
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => regex.Matches("").Count > 0));
}
[TestMethod]
public void DisableBuildCheck()
{
var service = ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService();
service.LogPath = GetLogLocation();
service.EnableVerboseLogging = true;
service.DisableBuildCheck = true;
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
driver.Quit(); // Close the Service log file before reading
var expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
var lines = File.ReadLines(GetLogLocation());
Assert.IsNotNull(lines.FirstOrDefault(line => line.Contains(expected)));
}
private string GetLogLocation()
{
if (_logLocation == null || !File.Exists(_logLocation))
{
_logLocation = Path.GetTempFileName();
}
return _logLocation;
}
}
}examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
describe 'Options' do
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.args << '--maximize'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'keeps browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.detach = true
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'excludes switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
options.exclude_switches << 'enable-automation'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
describe 'Service' do
let(:file_name) { File.expand_path('chromedriver.log') }
after { FileUtils.rm_f(file_name) }
it 'logs to file' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).first).to include('Starting ChromeDriver')
end
it 'logs to console' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = $stdout
expect {
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
}.to output(/Starting ChromeDriver/).to_stdout_from_any_process
end
it 'sets log level' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome
service.log = file_name
service.args << '--log-level=DEBUG'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[DEBUG\]:/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'sets log features' do
args = ["--log-path=#{file_name}", '--verbose']
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome(args: args)
service.args << '--append-log'
service.args << '--readable-timestamp'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(/\[\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d/).any?).to eq true
end
it 'disables build checks' do
service = Selenium::WebDriver::Service.chrome log: file_name, args: ['--verbose']
service.args << '--disable-build-check'
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, service: service
warning = /\[WARNING\]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check/
expect(File.readlines(file_name).grep(warning).any?).to eq true
end
end
end
Special Features
Casting
Pode comandar dispositivos Chrome Cast, incluindo partilhar abas
examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class ChromeTest {
private ChromeDriver driver;
private File logLocation;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
if (logLocation != null && logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation.delete();
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
System.setOut(new PrintStream(getLogLocation()));
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogOutput(System.out)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
String expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getLogLocation() throws IOException {
if (logLocation == null || !logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation = File.createTempFile("chromedriver-", ".log");
}
return logLocation;
}
}
/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
def test_basic_options():
options = ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_headless():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def exclude_switches():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
let(:driver) { start_session }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(args: ['--headless=new'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Keep browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(detach: true)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Exclude switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
Condições de rede
Pode simular vários estados de rede (como exemplo, simular situações com pouca banda).
The following examples are for local webdrivers. For remote webdrivers, please refer to the Remote WebDriver page.
examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class ChromeTest {
private ChromeDriver driver;
private File logLocation;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
if (logLocation != null && logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation.delete();
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
System.setOut(new PrintStream(getLogLocation()));
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogOutput(System.out)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
String expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getLogLocation() throws IOException {
if (logLocation == null || !logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation = File.createTempFile("chromedriver-", ".log");
}
return logLocation;
}
}
/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
def test_basic_options():
options = ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_headless():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def exclude_switches():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
let(:driver) { start_session }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(args: ['--headless=new'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Keep browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(detach: true)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Exclude switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
Logs
examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class ChromeTest {
private ChromeDriver driver;
private File logLocation;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
if (logLocation != null && logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation.delete();
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
System.setOut(new PrintStream(getLogLocation()));
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogOutput(System.out)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
String expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getLogLocation() throws IOException {
if (logLocation == null || !logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation = File.createTempFile("chromedriver-", ".log");
}
return logLocation;
}
}
/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
def test_basic_options():
options = ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_headless():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def exclude_switches():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
let(:driver) { start_session }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(args: ['--headless=new'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Keep browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(detach: true)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Exclude switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
Permissões
examples/java/src/test/java/dev/selenium/browsers/ChromeTest.java
package dev.selenium.browsers;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.chromium.ChromiumDriverLogLevel;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class ChromeTest {
private ChromeDriver driver;
private File logLocation;
@AfterEach
public void quit() {
if (logLocation != null && logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation.delete();
}
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void basicOptions() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void arguments() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void excludeSwitches() {
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", ImmutableList.of("disable-popup-blocking"));
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
}
@Test
public void logsToFile() throws IOException {
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogFile(getLogLocation())
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsToConsole() throws IOException {
System.setOut(new PrintStream(getLogLocation()));
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogOutput(System.out)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("Starting ChromeDriver"));
}
@Test
public void logsWithLevel() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withLogLevel(ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains("[DEBUG]:"));
}
@Test
public void configureDriverLogs() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.DEBUG.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withAppendLog(true)
.withReadableTimestamp(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\[\\d\\d-\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
Assertions.assertTrue(pattern.matcher(fileContent).find());
}
@Test
public void disableBuildChecks() throws IOException {
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_PROPERTY,
getLogLocation().getAbsolutePath());
System.setProperty(ChromeDriverService.CHROME_DRIVER_LOG_LEVEL_PROPERTY,
ChromiumDriverLogLevel.WARNING.toString());
ChromeDriverService service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
.withBuildCheckDisabled(true)
.build();
driver = new ChromeDriver(service);
String fileContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(getLogLocation().toPath()));
String expected = "[WARNING]: You are using an unsupported command-line switch: --disable-build-check";
Assertions.assertTrue(fileContent.contains(expected));
}
private File getLogLocation() throws IOException {
if (logLocation == null || !logLocation.exists()) {
logLocation = File.createTempFile("chromedriver-", ".log");
}
return logLocation;
}
}
/examples/python/tests/browsers/test_chrome.py
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options as ChromeOptions
def test_basic_options():
options = ChromeOptions()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.quit()
def test_keep_browser_open():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("detach", True)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def test_headless():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()
def exclude_switches():
chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
driver.get('http://selenium.dev')
driver.quit()/examples/ruby/spec/browsers/chrome_spec.rb
# frozen_string_literal: true
require 'spec_helper'
RSpec.describe 'Chrome' do
let(:driver) { start_session }
it 'basic options' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
end
it 'add arguments' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(args: ['--headless=new'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Keep browser open' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(detach: true)
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
it 'Exclude switches' do
options = Selenium::WebDriver::Options.chrome(exclude_switches: ['enable-automation'])
@driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for :chrome, options: options
@driver.get('https://www.google.com')
end
end
DevTools
Veja a secção [Chrome DevTools] para mais informação em como usar Chrome DevTools
Última modificação June 5, 2025: fix rendering code sample [deploy site] (12cd512aca)
